E smlouva vízum kategorie
Tato kategorie je omezena na státní příslušníky některé země, které mají smlouvu s USA v oblasti obchodu a obchodu. E-1 vízum je k dispozici pro cizince, který chce přijít do USA pokračovat ve značné obchodu, zejména mezi USA a jeho vlastní zemi. E-2 vízum je k dispozici pro cizince, který přichází do Spojených států rozvíjet a řídit provoz podniku, v němž on / ona investoval, nebo je aktivní v procesu investování, značné množství kapitálu.
To je vhodné pro těžké najít dovednosti, to bylo pro profesionály a řemesla, jako jsou svářeči a montérů.
E-1 a E-2 VÍZA
Smlouvy mezi Spojenými státy a mnohé země umožňují zahraniční osoby přijít do Spojených států, aby provedly obchod (import / export činnosti), nebo ke správě investic. Na rozdíl od přistěhovalců investory víza není pevná částka v dolarech pro investice. E-1 vízum se používá k provádění obchodu mezi Spojenými státy a země své státní příslušnosti. E-2 vízum se používá pro dohled nad investic v USA
Základní požadavky na e VISA
- Smlouva o obchodní a plavební nebo bilaterální investiční smlouvy musí být v účinnosti mezi USA a zemí státní příslušnosti zahraniční společnosti nebo investora.
- Společnost nebo jednotlivec zapojení do obchodu nebo investic v USA musí být stejné národnosti jako smlouvy země.
- Státní jednotlivce je státní občanství.
- Státní akciové společnosti nebo partnerství je určen státní příslušnosti osoby, které mají rozhodující podíl (akcie vlastnictví nebo partnerství zájem podnikatelského subjektu). Kontrolního podílu znamená alespoň 50% vlastníkem. Pro účely smluv, mohou občané smluvního státu, kteří získali americké trvalému pobytu se nezapočítává při stanovení 50% vlastnictví. Nicméně, občané země, smlouvy, kteří jsou v USA v E víza lze stavu se počítá při stanovení 50% vlastnictví.
- Zaměstnanec nebo hlavní, který žádá o vízum E stavu musí mít stejnou státní příslušnost jako smluvního subjektu. Spouses and children of the employee or principal may obtain derivative E status without being a citizen of the treaty country.
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR E-1, TREATY TRADER VISA
- Substantial Trade
The company must be involved in substantial trade principally between the US and the treaty country.
The definition of trade, for purposes of the E-1 visa, has broadened considerably. Previously, the E-1 visa was only available to businesses involved in the exchange, purchase or sale of tangible goods. Now, E-1 visa status is also available for businesses involved in the exchange, purchase, or sale of services as well as tangible goods.
Accordingly, businesses involved in services such as advertising, consulting, accounting, engineering or law may qualify for E-1 status. Also, companies involved in technology transfers may qualify for E-1 status if title to the technology passes from one company to another.
No specific minimum dollar amount is required to meet the requirement of substantial trade. Instead the dollar amount and the number of transactions are taken into account as well as the requirement that the trade be continuous. A single large transaction will not qualify while numerous small transactions may.
For the trade to be considered principally between the US and the treaty country more than 50% of the dollar volume of the international trade must be between the US and the treaty country.
- Principal Trader
The person who is accorded E-1 visa status must be coming to the US as the principal trader or in a supervisory or executive position or must have “skills which are essential to the successful operation of the enterprise”.
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR E-2, TREATY INVESTOR STATUS
- Substantial Investment
There is no specific dollar amount which must be invested to meet the “substantial” requirement but the investment must meet one of two tests:
- It must represent a significant proportion of the total value of the business enterprise (this test is usually applied to investments in existing businesses), or
- It must be sufficient to establish a profitable and viable business of the type contemplated.
- The investment must be in an active business.
Investment in property held for future appreciation, bank deposits and investments in stocks and securities would not qualify for the E-2 visa. The investment must be in an enterprise which produces some service or commodity.
- The investment should create job opportunities for US workers.
While it is preferable to have the US workers hired at the time of application for the E-2 visa, reasonably achievable projections of jobs that will be created is often sufficent.
- The E-2 visa applicant must play a key role in the operation of the business.
The visa applicant must either be the investor who is coming to the US to develop or direct the investment or must be a manager or a highly trained employee with special skills necessary for the development of the investment.
STATUS OF FAMILY MEMBERS
Family members (spouses and unmarried children under 21) of the principal E visa employee may obtain derivative E visa status which allows them to live in the US and attend school. Family members are not authorized to work unless they independently qualify for a visa.
DURATION OF STAY IN THE US
E visas are generally issued for four or five years. E visa holders are admitted to the US for two years and extensions of stay may be granted for up to two years at a time. Extensions are generally unlimited as long as the trade or investment continues. An E visa may often be reissued for an additional five years by the State Department Visa Office in Washington DC In this event it is not necessary to return to the home country to renew the visa.
APPLICATION PROCEDURE
The E visa application can be made through a US consulate abroad or through a US office of the Immigration & Naturalization Service. However, the reader is strongly advised to obtain the advice of a US attorney prior to beginning the trading activities making the investment or applying for the visa.
E VISA Treaty Countries
Treaties which provide for trade and investment status (both E-1 and E-2 Visas) are in effect with the following countries:
- Argentina
- Austrálie
- Austria
- Belgie
- Kanada
- China (Taiwan)
- Kolumbie
- Kostarika
- Estonia
- Etiopie
- Finsko
- France
- Německo
- Honduras
- Írán
- Irsko
- Itálie
- Japonsko
- Korea
- Lotyšsko
- Libérie
- Lucembursko
- Mexiko
- Nizozemsko
- Norsko
- Omán
- Pákistán
- Paraguay
- Filipíny
- Slovenia
- Španělsko
- Surinam
- Švédsko
- Švýcarsko
- Thajsko
- Togo
- Turecko
- United Kingdom
- Jugoslávie
Treaties conferring only E-1 treaty-trader status exist with the following countries.
- Bolívie
- Brunei
- Denmark
- Estonia
- Řecko
- Israel
Treaties conferring only E-2 Treaty-Investor status are in effect with the following countries:
- Arménie
- Bangladesh
- Bulgaria
- Kamerun
- Kongo
- Česká republika
- Ecuador
- Egypt
- Gruzie
- Grenada
- Jamaica
- Kazachstán
- Kyrgyzstán
- Moldavsko
- Mongolsko
- Maroko
- Panama
- Polsko
- Romania
- Senegal
- Slovakia
- Srí Lanka
- Trinidad & Tobago
- Tunisko
- Ukraine
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